> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://angelica.gitbook.io/hacktricks/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://angelica.gitbook.io/hacktricks/macos-hardening/macos-security-and-privilege-escalation/macos-security-protections/macos-sandbox/macos-default-sandbox-debug.md).

# macOS Default Sandbox Debug

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Learn & practice AWS Hacking:<img src="/files/Xcgr3q6BP5MpWT3hTn6d" alt="" data-size="line">[**HackTricks Training AWS Red Team Expert (ARTE)**](https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/arte)<img src="/files/Xcgr3q6BP5MpWT3hTn6d" alt="" data-size="line">\
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<details>

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</details>
{% endhint %}

In this page you can find how to create an app to launch arbitrary commands from inside the default macOS sandbox:

1. Compile the application:

{% code title="main.m" %}

```objectivec
#include <Foundation/Foundation.h>

int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) {
    @autoreleasepool {
        while (true) {
            char input[512];

            printf("Enter command to run (or 'exit' to quit): ");
            if (fgets(input, sizeof(input), stdin) == NULL) {
                break;
            }

            // Remove newline character
            size_t len = strlen(input);
            if (len > 0 && input[len - 1] == '\n') {
                input[len - 1] = '\0';
            }

            if (strcmp(input, "exit") == 0) {
                break;
            }

            system(input);
        }
    }
    return 0;
}
```

{% endcode %}

Compile it running: `clang -framework Foundation -o SandboxedShellApp main.m`

2. Build the `.app` bundle

```bash
mkdir -p SandboxedShellApp.app/Contents/MacOS
mv SandboxedShellApp SandboxedShellApp.app/Contents/MacOS/

cat << EOF > SandboxedShellApp.app/Contents/Info.plist
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
<plist version="1.0">
<dict>
    <key>CFBundleIdentifier</key>
    <string>com.example.SandboxedShellApp</string>
    <key>CFBundleName</key>
    <string>SandboxedShellApp</string>
    <key>CFBundleVersion</key>
    <string>1.0</string>
    <key>CFBundleExecutable</key>
    <string>SandboxedShellApp</string>
</dict>
</plist>
EOF
```

3. Define the entitlements

{% tabs %}
{% tab title="sandbox" %}

```bash
cat << EOF > entitlements.plist
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
<plist version="1.0">
<dict>
    <key>com.apple.security.app-sandbox</key>
    <true/>
</dict>
</plist>
EOF
```

{% endtab %}

{% tab title="sandbox + downloads" %}

```bash
cat << EOF > entitlements.plist
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
<plist version="1.0">
<dict>
    <key>com.apple.security.app-sandbox</key>
    <true/>
    <key>com.apple.security.files.downloads.read-write</key>
    <true/>
</dict>
</plist>
EOF
```

{% endtab %}
{% endtabs %}

4. Sign the app (you need to create a certificate in the keychain)

```bash
codesign --entitlements entitlements.plist -s "YourIdentity" SandboxedShellApp.app
./SandboxedShellApp.app/Contents/MacOS/SandboxedShellApp

# An d in case you need this in the future
codesign --remove-signature SandboxedShellApp.app
```

{% hint style="success" %}
Learn & practice AWS Hacking:<img src="/files/Xcgr3q6BP5MpWT3hTn6d" alt="" data-size="line">[**HackTricks Training AWS Red Team Expert (ARTE)**](https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/arte)<img src="/files/Xcgr3q6BP5MpWT3hTn6d" alt="" data-size="line">\
Learn & practice GCP Hacking: <img src="/files/aQnEyHWQGyok3qCc92qt" alt="" data-size="line">[**HackTricks Training GCP Red Team Expert (GRTE)**<img src="/files/aQnEyHWQGyok3qCc92qt" alt="" data-size="line">](https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/grte)

<details>

<summary>Support HackTricks</summary>

* Check the [**subscription plans**](https://github.com/sponsors/carlospolop)!
* **Join the** 💬 [**Discord group**](https://discord.gg/hRep4RUj7f) or the [**telegram group**](https://t.me/peass) or **follow** us on **Twitter** 🐦 [**@hacktricks\_live**](https://twitter.com/hacktricks_live)**.**
* **Share hacking tricks by submitting PRs to the** [**HackTricks**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks) and [**HackTricks Cloud**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks-cloud) github repos.

</details>
{% endhint %}