> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://angelica.gitbook.io/hacktricks/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://angelica.gitbook.io/hacktricks/linux-hardening/linux-privilege-escalation-checklist.md). # Checklist - Linux Privilege Escalation {% hint style="success" %} Learn & practice AWS Hacking:[**HackTricks Training AWS Red Team Expert (ARTE)**](https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/arte)\ Learn & practice GCP Hacking: [**HackTricks Training GCP Red Team Expert (GRTE)**](https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/grte)
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Join [**HackenProof Discord**](https://discord.com/invite/N3FrSbmwdy) server to communicate with experienced hackers and bug bounty hunters! **Hacking Insights**\ Engage with content that delves into the thrill and challenges of hacking **Real-Time Hack News**\ Keep up-to-date with fast-paced hacking world through real-time news and insights **Latest Announcements**\ Stay informed with the newest bug bounties launching and crucial platform updates **Join us on** [**Discord**](https://discord.com/invite/N3FrSbmwdy) and start collaborating with top hackers today! ### **Best tool to look for Linux local privilege escalation vectors:** [**LinPEAS**](https://github.com/carlospolop/privilege-escalation-awesome-scripts-suite/tree/master/linPEAS) ### [System Information](/hacktricks/linux-hardening/privilege-escalation.md#system-information) * [ ] Get **OS information** * [ ] Check the [**PATH**](/hacktricks/linux-hardening/privilege-escalation.md#path), any **writable folder**? * [ ] Check [**env variables**](/hacktricks/linux-hardening/privilege-escalation.md#env-info), any sensitive detail? * [ ] Search for [**kernel exploits**](/hacktricks/linux-hardening/privilege-escalation.md#kernel-exploits) **using scripts** (DirtyCow?) * [ ] **Check** if the [**sudo version** is vulnerable](/hacktricks/linux-hardening/privilege-escalation.md#sudo-version) * [ ] [**Dmesg** signature verification failed](/hacktricks/linux-hardening/privilege-escalation.md#dmesg-signature-verification-failed) * [ ] More system enum ([date, system stats, cpu info, printers](/hacktricks/linux-hardening/privilege-escalation.md#more-system-enumeration)) * [ ] [Enumerate more defenses](/hacktricks/linux-hardening/privilege-escalation.md#enumerate-possible-defenses) ### [Drives](/hacktricks/linux-hardening/privilege-escalation.md#drives) * [ ] **List mounted** drives * [ ] **Any unmounted drive?** * [ ] **Any creds in fstab?** ### [**Installed Software**](/hacktricks/linux-hardening/privilege-escalation.md#installed-software) * [ ] **Check for**[ **useful software**](/hacktricks/linux-hardening/privilege-escalation.md#useful-software) **installed** * [ ] **Check for** [**vulnerable software**](/hacktricks/linux-hardening/privilege-escalation.md#vulnerable-software-installed) **installed** ### [Processes](/hacktricks/linux-hardening/privilege-escalation.md#processes) * [ ] Is any **unknown software running**? * [ ] Is any software running with **more privileges than it should have**? * [ ] Search for **exploits of running processes** (especially the version running). * [ ] Can you **modify the binary** of any running process? * [ ] **Monitor processes** and check if any interesting process is running frequently. * [ ] Can you **read** some interesting **process memory** (where passwords could be saved)? ### [Scheduled/Cron jobs?](/hacktricks/linux-hardening/privilege-escalation.md#scheduled-jobs) * [ ] Is the [**PATH** ](/hacktricks/linux-hardening/privilege-escalation.md#cron-path)being modified by some cron and you can **write** in it? * [ ] Any [**wildcard** ](/hacktricks/linux-hardening/privilege-escalation.md#cron-using-a-script-with-a-wildcard-wildcard-injection)in a cron job? * [ ] Some [**modifiable script** ](/hacktricks/linux-hardening/privilege-escalation.md#cron-script-overwriting-and-symlink)is being **executed** or is inside **modifiable folder**? * [ ] Have you detected that some **script** could be or are being [**executed** very **frequently**](/hacktricks/linux-hardening/privilege-escalation.md#frequent-cron-jobs)? (every 1, 2 or 5 minutes) ### [Services](/hacktricks/linux-hardening/privilege-escalation.md#services) * [ ] Any **writable .service** file? * [ ] Any **writable binary** executed by a **service**? * [ ] Any **writable folder in systemd PATH**? ### [Timers](/hacktricks/linux-hardening/privilege-escalation.md#timers) * [ ] Any **writable timer**? ### [Sockets](/hacktricks/linux-hardening/privilege-escalation.md#sockets) * [ ] Any **writable .socket** file? * [ ] Can you **communicate with any socket**? * [ ] **HTTP sockets** with interesting info? ### [D-Bus](/hacktricks/linux-hardening/privilege-escalation.md#d-bus) * [ ] Can you **communicate with any D-Bus**? ### [Network](/hacktricks/linux-hardening/privilege-escalation.md#network) * [ ] Enumerate the network to know where you are * [ ] **Open ports you couldn't access before** getting a shell inside the machine? * [ ] Can you **sniff traffic** using `tcpdump`? ### [Users](/hacktricks/linux-hardening/privilege-escalation.md#users) * [ ] Generic users/groups **enumeration** * [ ] Do you have a **very big UID**? Is the **machine** **vulnerable**? * [ ] Can you [**escalate privileges thanks to a group**](/hacktricks/linux-hardening/privilege-escalation/interesting-groups-linux-pe.md) you belong to? * [ ] **Clipboard** data? * [ ] Password Policy? * [ ] Try to **use** every **known password** that you have discovered previously to login **with each** possible **user**. Try to login also without a password. ### [Writable PATH](/hacktricks/linux-hardening/privilege-escalation.md#writable-path-abuses) * [ ] If you have **write privileges over some folder in PATH** you may be able to escalate privileges ### [SUDO and SUID commands](/hacktricks/linux-hardening/privilege-escalation.md#sudo-and-suid) * [ ] Can you execute **any command with sudo**? Can you use it to READ, WRITE or EXECUTE anything as root? ([**GTFOBins**](https://gtfobins.github.io)) * [ ] Is any **exploitable SUID binary**? ([**GTFOBins**](https://gtfobins.github.io)) * [ ] Are [**sudo** commands **limited** by **path**? can you **bypass** the restrictions](/hacktricks/linux-hardening/privilege-escalation.md#sudo-execution-bypassing-paths)? * [ ] [**Sudo/SUID binary without path indicated**](/hacktricks/linux-hardening/privilege-escalation.md#sudo-command-suid-binary-without-command-path)? * [ ] [**SUID binary specifying path**](/hacktricks/linux-hardening/privilege-escalation.md#suid-binary-with-command-path)? Bypass * [ ] [**LD\_PRELOAD vuln**](/hacktricks/linux-hardening/privilege-escalation.md#ld_preload) * [ ] [**Lack of .so library in SUID binary**](/hacktricks/linux-hardening/privilege-escalation.md#suid-binary-so-injection) from a writable folder? * [ ] [**SUDO tokens available**](/hacktricks/linux-hardening/privilege-escalation.md#reusing-sudo-tokens)? [**Can you create a SUDO token**](/hacktricks/linux-hardening/privilege-escalation.md#var-run-sudo-ts-less-than-username-greater-than)? * [ ] Can you [**read or modify sudoers files**](/hacktricks/linux-hardening/privilege-escalation.md#etc-sudoers-etc-sudoers-d)? * [ ] Can you [**modify /etc/ld.so.conf.d/**](/hacktricks/linux-hardening/privilege-escalation.md#etc-ld-so-conf-d)? * [ ] [**OpenBSD DOAS**](/hacktricks/linux-hardening/privilege-escalation.md#doas) command ### [Capabilities](/hacktricks/linux-hardening/privilege-escalation.md#capabilities) * [ ] Has any binary any **unexpected capability**? ### [ACLs](/hacktricks/linux-hardening/privilege-escalation.md#acls) * [ ] Has any file any **unexpected ACL**? ### [Open Shell sessions](/hacktricks/linux-hardening/privilege-escalation.md#open-shell-sessions) * [ ] **screen** * [ ] **tmux** ### [SSH](/hacktricks/linux-hardening/privilege-escalation.md#ssh) * [ ] **Debian** [**OpenSSL Predictable PRNG - CVE-2008-0166**](/hacktricks/linux-hardening/privilege-escalation.md#debian-openssl-predictable-prng-cve-2008-0166) * [ ] [**SSH Interesting configuration values**](/hacktricks/linux-hardening/privilege-escalation.md#ssh-interesting-configuration-values) ### [Interesting Files](/hacktricks/linux-hardening/privilege-escalation.md#interesting-files) * [ ] **Profile files** - Read sensitive data? Write to privesc? * [ ] **passwd/shadow files** - Read sensitive data? Write to privesc? * [ ] **Check commonly interesting folders** for sensitive data * [ ] **Weird Location/Owned files,** you may have access to or alter executable files * [ ] **Modified** in last mins * [ ] **Sqlite DB files** * [ ] **Hidden files** * [ ] **Script/Binaries in PATH** * [ ] **Web files** (passwords?) * [ ] **Backups**? * [ ] **Known files that contains passwords**: Use **Linpeas** and **LaZagne** * [ ] **Generic search** ### [**Writable Files**](/hacktricks/linux-hardening/privilege-escalation.md#writable-files) * [ ] **Modify python library** to execute arbitrary commands? * [ ] Can you **modify log files**? **Logtotten** exploit * [ ] Can you **modify /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/**? Centos/Redhat exploit * [ ] Can you [**write in ini, int.d, systemd or rc.d files**](/hacktricks/linux-hardening/privilege-escalation.md#init-init-d-systemd-and-rc-d)? ### [**Other tricks**](/hacktricks/linux-hardening/privilege-escalation.md#other-tricks) * [ ] Can you [**abuse NFS to escalate privileges**](/hacktricks/linux-hardening/privilege-escalation.md#nfs-privilege-escalation)? * [ ] Do you need to [**escape from a restrictive shell**](/hacktricks/linux-hardening/privilege-escalation.md#escaping-from-restricted-shells)?
Join [**HackenProof Discord**](https://discord.com/invite/N3FrSbmwdy) server to communicate with experienced hackers and bug bounty hunters! **Hacking Insights**\ Engage with content that delves into the thrill and challenges of hacking **Real-Time Hack News**\ Keep up-to-date with fast-paced hacking world through real-time news and insights **Latest Announcements**\ Stay informed with the newest bug bounties launching and crucial platform updates **Join us on** [**Discord**](https://discord.com/invite/N3FrSbmwdy) and start collaborating with top hackers today! {% hint style="success" %} Learn & practice AWS Hacking:[**HackTricks Training AWS Red Team Expert (ARTE)**](https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/arte)\ Learn & practice GCP Hacking: [**HackTricks Training GCP Red Team Expert (GRTE)**](https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/grte)
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